Twig to php online

STAMP #1: How to Compile Twig to PHP

In the previous post, we looked at why and when static analysis of templates matter. Today we look at how to prepare starting point for Twig templates.

How can we analyze templates with PHPStan that understand only PHP? There are 2 ways: we could teach PHPStan the language of Twig — a new «TWIGStan» tool.

The other option is to take it from the other end — convert Twig to PHP.

In the previous post we worked with templates/meal.twig with single method call:

Today we’ll try to turn this single line into PHP syntax.

How do we Render Twig in our Projects?

The most common use case for rendering templates is in a Symfony controller. We call $this->render() with a template name as 1st argument:

use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController; use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response; final class DinnerController extends AbstractController  public function __invoke(): Response   return $this->render('templates/meal.twig');  > > 

This creates rendered HTML. But we don’t have a tool called «HTMLStan», but PHPStan. How do we get a PHP syntax of the templates/meal.twig template?

From Controller to Twig Environment

Let’s take it to step by step. We don’t need the whole symfony/framework-bundle to render Twig. What does the render() method of AbstractController do? It can be decomposed into these calls:

use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response; // .  abstract class AbstractController  protected function render(string $view): Response   /** @var string $content */ $content = $this->environment->render($view); $response = new Response(); $response->setContent($content); return $response;  > > 

As you’ve expected, it is a simple request and response with some string . The $content string is what we’re interested in.

But what is this «environment» we’re calling? First association to «environment» might be «env» or development, production, and tests. But such a name suggests a value object or a variable, not a service. I will save you from confusion — it’s a Twig renderer service. A name like «TwigRenderer» or «TwigApplication» would save us this paragraph, but sometimes legacy is what we have to work with.

From Response to Twig Render

Let’s strip of clutter from render() and keep only the relevant lines:

use Twig\Environment; $environment = new Environment(); /** @var string $content */ $content = $environment->render('templates/meal.twig'); 

We pass a TWIG ‘templates/meal.twig’ and get rendered HTML $content . How can we use this as food for PHPStan?

TWIG → ? → HTML

We’re getting closer. Now we know how to render TWIG file path to HTML content with couple of PHP lines and the twig/twig package. That’s great! But how is that useful for static analysis in PHP?

First, we need to understand TWIG rendering lifecycle. It would be costly to convert every TWIG template to PHP, then complete variables and echo it to HTML string.

How does TWIG make sure it’s fast?

3-Step TWIG Lifecycle

1. find templates/meal.twig absolute path and load its contents
2. check if this template was already parsed to PHP

• NO? parse if to PHP and save it the PHP to filesystem cache
• YES? load the parsed PHP from the filesystem cache

1. complete dynamic parameters to PHP template and echo it

Now it’s clear what we need to do. We have to do step 1., then step 2. parse TWIG to PHP and save the file to filesystem. PHPStan can analyze files in the filesystem, so we have a clear goal!

Stop Rendering TWIG at PHP Step?

In the last snippet, we can see only the render() method that outputs HTML string:

use Twig\Environment; $environment = new Environment(); /** @var string $content */ $content = $environment->render('templates/meal.twig'); 

That’s not what we need; it’s too late for us. But we have all we need here. We just deep dive into the render() method and find out the smaller steps.

Inside the render() method, we’ll find many nested calls, but in the end, it’s just 3 methods:

Finally: Compile TWIG to PHP

If we extract this compile() method and remove clutter code, we’ll get to 3 lines that do the job:

use Twig\Environment; $environment = new Environment(); // 1. gets contents of TWIG file and parses to tokens like tokens_get_all() $source = $environment->getLoader()->getSourceContext('templates/meal.twig'); // 2. compile TWIG tokens to the PHP as we know it $phpContent = $environment->compileSource($source); 

In $phpContent now we have PHP string that PHPStan can analyze, yay!

What is in $phpContent ?

Are you curious, how does the final compiled PHP code look like?

I will not lie to you. It’s not nice. It’s even worse. It’s not readable. That’s probably because in 2009 when the TWIG was released, nobody thought of creating beautiful cached PHP code for PHPStan.

use Twig\Environment; use Twig\Source; use Twig\Template; /* templates/meal.twig */ class __TwigTemplate_8a9d1381e8329967. extends Template  private $source; private $macros = []; public function __construct(Environment $env)   parent::__construct($env); $this->source = $this->getSourceContext(); $this->parent = false; $this->blocks = [  ];  > protected function doDisplay(array $context, array $blocks = [])   $macros = $this->macros; // line 1 echo twig_escape_filter( $this->env, twig_get_attribute( $this->env, $this->source,  ($context["meal"] ?? null), "title", "any", false, false, false, 1  ), "html", null, true  );  > public function getTemplateName()   return "templates/meal.twig";  > public function isTraitable()   return false;  > public function getDebugInfo()   return array (37 => 1);  > public function getSourceContext()   return new Source("", "templates/meal.twig", "");  > > 

How is this PHP Mess Helpful?

Not much, to be honest. Yet.

We’ll give it a look in the next post. Maybe we can come up with something useful.

Do you learn from my contents or use open-souce packages like Rector every day?
Consider supporting it on GitHub Sponsors. I’d really appreciate it!

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Twig to php online

Twig to PHP Converter is a tool for converting Twig templates to PHP code. The conversion process takes your Twig code and generates equivalent PHP code, making it easier for you to use Twig in your PHP projects.

Benefits of using Twig to PHP Converter:

• Simplifies the process of converting Twig templates to PHP
• Saves time and effort compared to manually writing PHP code
• Ensures accuracy and consistency in the conversion process
• Supports the latest version of Twig

How to use Twig to PHP Converter:

1. Input your Twig code into the converter tool
2. Select the version of Twig you are using
3. Hit the convert button to generate the equivalent PHP code
4. Copy and paste the generated PHP code into your project.

Note: The conversion process is not perfect and may require manual adjustments to the generated PHP code. However, Twig to PHP Converter provides a quick and easy starting point for those looking to use Twig in their PHP projects.

What makes Twig better as a template engine than PHP?

Whenever it comes to template engines for PHP, many people will tell you that PHP itself is a template engine. But even if PHP started its life as a template language, it has not evolved in recent years. In fact, it doesn’t support many of the features that a modern template engine should have these days. But if you want to convert code from Twig to PHP, this tool will help you a lot.

Twig compiles templates down to plain optimized PHP code.

PHP | Basic syntax
The constructs that define the PHP computer language are called PHP syntax.
The PHP script is executed on the server and the HTML result is sent to the browser. It can usually contain HTML and PHP tags. PHP or HyperText Preprocessor is a widely used open source general-purpose scripting language and can be embedded with HTML. PHP files are saved with the «.php» extension. PHP scripts can be written anywhere in the document in PHP tags with normal HTML.

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PHP to TWIG converter

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