Python skip one iteration loop

How To Use Break, Continue, and Pass Statements when Working with Loops in Python 3

Using for loops and while loops in Python allow you to automate and repeat tasks in an efficient manner.

But sometimes, an external factor may influence the way your program runs. When this occurs, you may want your program to exit a loop completely, skip part of a loop before continuing, or ignore that external factor. You can do these actions with break , continue , and pass statements.

Prerequisites

You should have Python 3 installed and a programming environment set up on your computer or server. If you don’t have a programming environment set up, you can refer to the installation and setup guides for a local programming environment or for a programming environment on your server appropriate for your operating system (Ubuntu, CentOS, Debian, etc.)

Break Statement

In Python, the break statement provides you with the opportunity to exit out of a loop when an external condition is triggered. You’ll put the break statement within the block of code under your loop statement, usually after a conditional if statement.

Info: To follow along with the example code in this tutorial, open a Python interactive shell on your local system by running the python3 command. Then you can copy, paste, or edit the examples by adding them after the >>> prompt.

Let’s look at an example that uses the break statement in a for loop:

number = 0 for number in range(10): if number == 5: break # break here print('Number is ' + str(number)) print('Out of loop') 

In this small program, the variable number is initialized at 0. Then a for statement constructs the loop as long as the variable number is less than 10.

Within the for loop, there is an if statement that presents the condition that if the variable number is equivalent to the integer 5, then the loop will break.

Within the loop is also a print() statement that will execute with each iteration of the for loop until the loop breaks, since it is after the break statement.

To know when we are out of the loop, we have included a final print() statement outside of the for loop.

When we run this code, our output will be the following:

Output
Number is 0 Number is 1 Number is 2 Number is 3 Number is 4 Out of loop 

This shows that once the integer number is evaluated as equivalent to 5, the loop breaks, as the program is told to do so with the break statement.

The break statement causes a program to break out of a loop.

Continue Statement

The continue statement gives you the option to skip over the part of a loop where an external condition is triggered, but to go on to complete the rest of the loop. That is, the current iteration of the loop will be disrupted, but the program will return to the top of the loop.

The continue statement will be within the block of code under the loop statement, usually after a conditional if statement.

Using the same for loop program as in the Break Statement section above, we’ll use a continue statement rather than a break statement:

number = 0 for number in range(10): if number == 5: continue # continue here print('Number is ' + str(number)) print('Out of loop') 

The difference in using the continue statement rather than a break statement is that our code will continue despite the disruption when the variable number is evaluated as equivalent to 5. Let’s review our output:

Output
Number is 0 Number is 1 Number is 2 Number is 3 Number is 4 Number is 6 Number is 7 Number is 8 Number is 9 Out of loop 

Here, Number is 5 never occurs in the output, but the loop continues after that point to print lines for the numbers 6–10 before leaving the loop.

You can use the continue statement to avoid deeply nested conditional code, or to optimize a loop by eliminating frequently occurring cases that you would like to reject.

The continue statement causes a program to skip certain factors that come up within a loop, but then continue through the rest of the loop.

Pass Statement

When an external condition is triggered, the pass statement allows you to handle the condition without the loop being impacted in any way; all of the code will continue to be read unless a break or other statement occurs.

As with the other statements, the pass statement will be within the block of code under the loop statement, typically after a conditional if statement.

Using the same code block as above, let’s replace the break or continue statement with a pass statement:

number = 0 for number in range(10): if number == 5: pass # pass here print('Number is ' + str(number)) print('Out of loop') 

The pass statement occurring after the if conditional statement is telling the program to continue to run the loop and ignore the fact that the variable number evaluates as equivalent to 5 during one of its iterations.

We’ll run the program and consider the output:

Output
Number is 0 Number is 1 Number is 2 Number is 3 Number is 4 Number is 5 Number is 6 Number is 7 Number is 8 Number is 9 Out of loop 

By using the pass statement in this program, we notice that the program runs exactly as it would if there were no conditional statement in the program. The pass statement tells the program to disregard that condition and continue to run the program as usual.

The pass statement can create minimal classes, or act as a placeholder when working on new code and thinking on an algorithmic level before hammering out details.

Conclusion

The break , continue , and pass statements in Python will allow you to use for loops and while loops more effectively in your code.

To work more with break and pass statements, you can follow our project tutorial “How To Create a Twitterbot with Python 3 and the Tweepy Library.”

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Tutorial Series: How To Code in Python

Introduction

Python is a flexible and versatile programming language that can be leveraged for many use cases, with strengths in scripting, automation, data analysis, machine learning, and back-end development. It is a great tool for both new learners and experienced developers alike.

Prerequisites

You should have Python 3 installed and a programming environment set up on your computer or server. If you don’t have a programming environment set up, you can refer to the installation and setup guides for a local programming environment or for a programming environment on your server appropriate for your operating system (Ubuntu, CentOS, Debian, etc.)

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How to Skip Iterations in a Python For Loop

We can skip the for loop iteration using continue statement in Python. For loop iterates blocks of code until the condition is False . Sometimes it would be required to skip a current part of the python for loop and go for the next execution without exiting from the loop, python allows a continue statement to overcome such situations.

Using continue and break statements we can skip the current execution and exit the for & while loops respectively.

In this article, I will explain the usage of the continue statement and using this statement how we can skip the current iteration in a for loop with multiple examples.

2. Skip Iterations in For Loop in Python

The Python continue statement is used in a loop (for or while) to skip the current iteration and move on to the next iteration. It is used to skip when a certain condition is satisfied and move on to the next iteration of the loop. The code following the continue statement in the current iteration is ignored, and the next iteration starts immediately.

Following are some examples of skipping the iteration of for loop.

 # Skip the loop using continue statement courses=["java","python","pandas","sparks"] for x in courses: if x == 'pandas': continue print(x) 

Here, I have taken courses as a list, which is iterated using for loop with the continue statement. As you see continue statement is used within the if condition. If the loop reaches the ‘pandas’ , the condition in the if statement becomes true, so the continue statement will execute and skip the current iteration(pandas) and go for the next iteration.

Note: continue statement doesn’t exit the for/while loop.

The above example yields the below output. Notice that the pandas element is not displayed as it’s been skipped.

Let’s take another example, here I will iterate a sequence of numbers that are generated from the Python range() function. Using the continue statement I skip the number ‘5’ from a sequence. If the loop reaches the ‘5’ , the condition in the if statement becomes true, so the continue statement executes and skip the current iteration(5) and go for the next iteration.

 # Skip the iteration using range() with continue for i in range(10): if i == 5: continue print(i) 

3. Skip Iteration When Exception Occurs

In this example, we can skip the iteration in a for loop using a try-except statement with a continue statement. We know that when we divide any number by zero in Python exception will raise as a ZeroDivisionError . We can overcome this problem by using exception handling with the try-except statements and continue statement. Let’s handle the exception of zero division error using the continue statements.

 # Skip the iteration using try & except list1 = [5, 10, 20, 25, 30] list2 = [5, 10, 0, 5, 3] list3 = [] for i, j in enumerate(list1): try: list3.append(j/list2[i]) except: continue print(list3) # Output: # [1.0, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0] 

4. Skip Iteration in For Loop using Continue with if-else Statement

Using if – else statements with continue statements we can skip the iteration in a loop. Here, I will use the same example as the above but only the difference is I can handle the exception using if-else statements with continue statements. For example,

 # skip iteration in For Loop using Continue with if-else list1 = [5, 10, 20, 25, 30] list2 = [5, 10, 0, 5, 3] list3 = [] for i, j in enumerate(list1): if list2[i] != 0: list3.append(j/list2[i]) else: continue print(list3) # Output: # [1.0, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0] 

5. Conclusion

In this article, I have explained the usage of continue statement and using this statement how we can skip the current iteration in a for loop with multiple examples. And also explained exception handling using continue statement with the help of try-except and if-else statements.

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