Php default character set

Содержание

mysqli_set_charset
Список параметров
Возвращаемые значения
Примечания
Примеры
Смотрите также
mysql_set_charset
Description
Parameters
Return Values
Notes
See Also
User Contributed Notes 8 notes

mysqli_set_charset

Задает набор символов по умолчанию, который будет использоваться при обмене данными с сервером баз данных.

Список параметров

Только для процедурного стиля: Идентификатор соединения, полученный с помощью mysqli_connect() или mysqli_init()

Набор символов, который необходимо установить.

Возвращаемые значения

Возвращает TRUE в случае успешного завершения или FALSE в случае возникновения ошибки.

Примечания

Замечание:

Чтобы использовать эту функцию на Windows платформах, вам потребуется клиентская библиотека MySQL версии 4.1.11 или выше (для MySQL 5.0 соответственно 5.0.6 или выше).

Замечание:

Это предпочтительный способ задания набора символов. Использование для этих целей функции mysqli_query() (например SET NAMES utf8) не рекомендуется. Дополнительно см. Наборы символов в MySQL.

Примеры

Пример #1 Пример использования mysqli::set_charset()

$mysqli = new mysqli ( «localhost» , «my_user» , «my_password» , «test» );

/* проверка соединения */
if ( mysqli_connect_errno ()) printf ( «Не удалось подключиться: %s\n» , mysqli_connect_error ());
exit();
>

/* изменение набора символов на utf8 */
if (! $mysqli -> set_charset ( «utf8» )) printf ( «Ошибка при загрузке набора символов utf8: %s\n» , $mysqli -> error );
> else printf ( «Текущий набор символов: %s\n» , $mysqli -> character_set_name ());
>

$link = mysqli_connect ( ‘localhost’ , ‘my_user’ , ‘my_password’ , ‘test’ );

/* проверка соединения */
if ( mysqli_connect_errno ()) printf ( «Не удалось подключиться: %s\n» , mysqli_connect_error ());
exit();
>

/* изменение набора символов на utf8 */
if (! mysqli_set_charset ( $link , «utf8» )) printf ( «Ошибка при загрузке набора символов utf8: %s\n» , mysqli_error ( $link ));
> else printf ( «Текущий набор символов: %s\n» , mysqli_character_set_name ( $link ));
>

Результат выполнения данных примеров:

Текущий набор символов: utf8

Смотрите также

mysqli_character_set_name() — Возвращает кодировку по умолчанию, установленную для соединения с БД
mysqli_real_escape_string() — Экранирует специальные символы в строке для использования в SQL выражении, используя текущий набор символов соединения
» Список поддерживаемых MySQL наборов символов

Источник

mysql_set_charset

This extension was deprecated in PHP 5.5.0, and it was removed in PHP 7.0.0. Instead, the MySQLi or PDO_MySQL extension should be used. See also MySQL: choosing an API guide. Alternatives to this function include:

Description

Sets the default character set for the current connection.

Parameters

A valid character set name.

The MySQL connection. If the link identifier is not specified, the last link opened by mysql_connect() is assumed. If no such link is found, it will try to create one as if mysql_connect() had been called with no arguments. If no connection is found or established, an E_WARNING level error is generated.

Return Values

Returns true on success or false on failure.

Notes

Note:

This function requires MySQL 5.0.7 or later.

Note:

This is the preferred way to change the charset. Using mysql_query() to set it (such as SET NAMES utf8 ) is not recommended. See the MySQL character set concepts section for more information.

User Contributed Notes 8 notes

I needed to access the database from within one particular webhosting service. Pages are UTF-8 encoded and data received by forms should be inserted into database without changing the encoding. The database is also in UTF-8.

Neither SET character set ‘utf8’ or SET names ‘utf8’ worked properly here, so this workaround made sure all variables are set to utf-8.

// . (creating a connection to mysql) .

mysql_query ( «SET character_set_results = ‘utf8’, character_set_client = ‘utf8’, character_set_connection = ‘utf8’, character_set_database = ‘utf8’, character_set_server = ‘utf8′» , $conn );

$re = mysql_query ( ‘SHOW VARIABLES LIKE «%character_set%»;’ )or die( mysql_error ());
while ( $r = mysql_fetch_assoc ( $re )) < var_dump ( $r ); echo "
» ;> exit;

All important variables are now utf-8 and we can safely use INSERTs or SELECTs with mysql_escape_string($var) without any encoding functions.

Here’s an example of how to use this feature :

I wanted to store arabic characters as UTF8 in the database and as suggested in many of the google results, I tried using

mysql_query(«SET NAMES ‘utf8′»);

mysql_query(«SET CHARACTER SET utf8 «);

Using the following, it worked flawlessly

$link = mysql_connect(‘localhost’, ‘user’, ‘password’);
mysql_set_charset(‘utf8’,$link);

Once this is set we need not manually encode the text into utf using utf8_encode() or other functions. The arabic ( or any UTF8 supported ) text can be passed directly to the database and it is automatically converted by PHP.
For eg.
$link = mysql_connect ( ‘localhost’ , ‘user’ , ‘password’ );
mysql_set_charset ( ‘utf8’ , $link );
$db_selected = mysql_select_db ( ’emp_feedback’ , $link );
if (! $db_selected ) < die ( 'Database access error : ' . mysql_error ());>
$query = «INSERT INTO feedback ( EmpName, Message ) VALUES (‘ $_empName ‘,’ $_message ‘)» ;
mysql_query ( $query ) or die( ‘Error, Feedback insert into database failed’ );
?>
Note that here $_empName is stored in English while $_message is in Arabic.

I assume that this is an equivalent in previous versions of php (add some parameter validation and default values though!):
if (!function_exists(‘mysql_set_charset’)) function mysql_set_charset($charset,$dbh)
return mysql_query(«set names $charset»,$dbh);
>
>
?>

Here’s an improved version of Janez R.’s function:
if ( function_exists ( ‘mysql_set_charset’ ) === false ) /**
* Sets the client character set.
*
* Note: This function requires MySQL 5.0.7 or later.
*
* @see http://www.php.net/mysql-set-charset
* @param string $charset A valid character set name
* @param resource $link_identifier The MySQL connection
* @return TRUE on success or FALSE on failure
*/
function mysql_set_charset ( $charset , $link_identifier = null )
if ( $link_identifier == null ) return mysql_query ( ‘SET CHARACTER SET «‘ . $charset . ‘»‘ );
> else return mysql_query ( ‘SET CHARACTER SET «‘ . $charset . ‘»‘ , $link_identifier );
>
>
>
?>

Читайте также: Java programming for gui

Actually, this function is available in client libraries in MySQL 4.1.13 and newer, too. So the real version requirement is MySQL >= 5.0.7 OR, if you’re using MySQL 4, then >= 4.1.13.

Massage for nabeelmoidu at gmail dot com:

For me works following code:

$mysqli = mysqli_connect( . );
mysqli_query( $mysqli, ‘SET NAMES «utf8» COLLATE «utf8_general_ci»‘ );

mysqli_set_charset( $mysqli, ‘utf8’ );

I need to revoke most of my post below. What I found out afterwards is this:

1. if you do not use mysql_set_char mysql will NOT do any translations and thus store a utf8-character-byte as is. If you then retrieve this byte from the db and output it in a utf8 page it will show just fine BUT if other apps query this byte (expecting to find a latin1 byte) they will go wrong.

2. the ‘bug’ mentioned before only occurs if you use a ucase or lcase function in your statement (like: latin1_col = ucase(‘utf8 string’)

I just hope that the text below will help someone who is struggling with charset encoding, specially when php-charset is different from the mysql-charset. Let me add that I really think that the php man-pages on the mysql-functions are lacking a lot of details on this important issues. Could someone add some useful text here?

Here is my situation. PHP5.2.4, MySql 4.1.15. A php web-application fully utf-8 encoded and a mysql database in latin1 charset.

To make this work I had to:

1. create and store all code files (php, html, inc, js, etc) in the utf-8 charset. Your editor should have an option for this, if not dump it.

2. check that your editor does not add a BOM (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte-order_mark) at the beginning of the file. Use a hex-editor to detect them if needed.

3. Set your apache environment to utf-8 by adding ‘AddDefaultCharset utf-8’ to your .htaccess. If you do not use apache add ‘default_charset utf-8’ to your php.ini. You have to do either of them (not both), php will use the apache setting where needed.

4. Additionally add this meta-tag to your html-header: ». This will help silly browsers (Oeps, IE again?) that ignore the utf-response-header send to them.

5. Check that the above line are listened to by check the ‘page info’ of your pages in firefox. It should show 2 (!!) utf-8 entries.

======== all of the above sofar has nothing to do with mysql 😉 ======

6. Do *NOT* (repeat NOT!) set the ‘names’ (set names *) or _ANY_ ‘character set’ (set character set *) (opposed to what they tell you on these pages).

7. Check the previous item by listing the results of the mysql query ‘SHOW session VARIABLES’. All char_sets here should say ‘latin1’, except for the system one which is always ‘utf8’. All collations should say ‘latin1_*’. Furthermore the php function mysql_client_encoding() should also return latin1 (though I don’t understand why; what does this value mean, I would think if php (being the client) is utf8 encoded this would be utf8?)

8 Finally test the above by storing this string in your db and output it in your webpage: ‘Iñtërnâtiônàlizætiøn and €’.

Now what was interesting during testing and debugging of the above findings was:
1. If I would run ‘mysql_set_charset(‘utf8′)’ _OR_ ‘mysql_query(«SET NAMES ‘utf8′»);’ and then run a query in which I would have ‘where char_column = ‘abc»it would die with ‘Illegal mix of collations’

2. If I would run ‘mysql_query(«SET character_set_client = ‘utf8’;»); mysql_query(«SET character_set_result = ‘utf8′;»)’ the query would work BUT the non-ascii-characters would show scrambled in the browser.

3. BUT these 2 points above work just fine on my local dev-machine (php 5.2.3 & mysql 5.0.45).

This draws me to these 3 conclusions:

1. The Php-mysql-function library (5.2.+) does a fine job translating utf-8 queries & results to/from latin1! It’s better to let php handle this for you then to have mysql do this.

2. Mysql (4.0.+) has 1 or more bugs (well, let’s say unfinished features) that involve the charset-translations that are solved in 5.0.+.

3. It is not well enough documented! (Otherwise I would have to write this)

One last remark: clearly characters that exist in utf8 and not in latin1 (and vv.) will get lost during utf8-latin1-utf8 translation.

If any of the above is not correct or not complete feel free to correct this! (Or better yet, add a chapter to the php manual 🙂

MySQL Functions
- mysql_affected_rows
- mysql_client_encoding
- mysql_close
- mysql_connect
- mysql_create_db
- mysql_data_seek
- mysql_db_name
- mysql_db_query
- mysql_drop_db
- mysql_errno
- mysql_error
- mysql_escape_string
- mysql_fetch_array
- mysql_fetch_assoc
- mysql_fetch_field
- mysql_fetch_lengths
- mysql_fetch_object
- mysql_fetch_row
- mysql_field_flags
- mysql_field_len
- mysql_field_name
- mysql_field_seek
- mysql_field_table
- mysql_field_type
- mysql_free_result
- mysql_get_client_info
- mysql_get_host_info
- mysql_get_proto_info
- mysql_get_server_info
- mysql_info
- mysql_insert_id
- mysql_list_dbs
- mysql_list_fields
- mysql_list_processes
- mysql_list_tables
- mysql_num_fields
- mysql_num_rows
- mysql_pconnect
- mysql_ping
- mysql_query
- mysql_real_escape_string
- mysql_result
- mysql_select_db
- mysql_set_charset
- mysql_stat
- mysql_tablename
- mysql_thread_id
- mysql_unbuffered_query
Источник