Html signs and symbols

HTML Entities

Reserved characters in HTML must be replaced with character entities.

HTML Entities

Some characters are reserved in HTML.

If you use the less than (<) or greater than (>) signs in your text, the browser might mix them with tags.

Character entities are used to display reserved characters in HTML.

A character entity looks like this:

Advantage of using an entity name: An entity name is easy to remember.
Disadvantage of using an entity name: Browsers may not support all entity names, but the support for entity numbers is good.

Non-breaking Space

A commonly used entity in HTML is the non-breaking space:  

A non-breaking space is a space that will not break into a new line.

Two words separated by a non-breaking space will stick together (not break into a new line). This is handy when breaking the words might be disruptive.

Another common use of the non-breaking space is to prevent browsers from truncating spaces in HTML pages.

If you write 10 spaces in your text, the browser will remove 9 of them. To add real spaces to your text, you can use the   character entity.

Tip: The non-breaking hyphen (‑) is used to define a hyphen character (‑) that does not break into a new line.

Some Useful HTML Character Entities

Result	Description	Entity Name	Entity Number	Try it
non-breaking space			Try it »
	less than	<	<	Try it »
>	greater than	>	>	Try it »
&	ampersand	&	&	Try it »
«	double quotation mark	"	"	Try it »
‘	single quotation mark (apostrophe)	'	'	Try it »
¢	cent	¢	¢	Try it »
£	pound	£	£	Try it »
¥	yen	¥	¥	Try it »
€	euro	€	€	Try it »
©	copyright	©	©	Try it »
®	registered trademark	®	®	Try it »

Note: Entity names are case sensitive.

Combining Diacritical Marks

A diacritical mark is a «glyph» added to a letter.

Some diacritical marks, like grave ( ̀) and acute ( ́) are called accents.

Diacritical marks can appear both above and below a letter, inside a letter, and between two letters.

Diacritical marks can be used in combination with alphanumeric characters to produce a character that is not present in the character set (encoding) used in the page.

Mark	Character	Construct	Result	Try it
̀	a	à	à	Try it »
́	a	á	á	Try it »
̂	a	â	â	Try it »
̃	a	ã	ã	Try it »
̀	O	Ò	Ò	Try it »
́	O	Ó	Ó	Try it »
̂	O	Ô	Ô	Try it »
̃	O	Õ	Õ	Try it »

You will see more HTML symbols in the next chapter of this tutorial.

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HTML character codes

All HTML character codes of text fonts and symbols from � to ￿ .

Click on character to get HTML code:

* Check if character is supported in Android browser.

Special HTML codes

Char	Numeric code	Named code	Description
	horizontal tab
	line feed
	carriage return / enter
		non-breaking space

Regular HTML character codes

Char	Numeric code	Named code	Description
	space
!	!	exclamation mark
«	"	"	double quote
#	#	number
$	$	dollar
%	%	percent
&	&	&	ampersand
‘	'	'	single quote
(	(	left parenthesis
)	)	right parenthesis
*	*	asterisk
+	+	plus
,	,	comma
—	-	minus
.	.	period
/	/	slash
0	0	zero
1	1	one
2	2	two
3	3	three
4	4	four
5	5	five
6	6	six
7	7	seven
8	8	eight
9	9	nine
:	:	colon
;	;	semicolon
	<	<	less than
=	=	equality sign
>	>	>	greater than
?	?	question mark
@	@	at sign
A	A
B	B
C	C
D	D
E	E
F	F
G	G
H	H
I	I
J	J
K	K
L	L
M	M
N	N
O	O
P	P
Q	Q
R	R
S	S
T	T
U	U
V	V
W	W
X	X
Y	Y
Z	Z
[	[	left square bracket
\	\	backslash
]	]	right square bracket
^	^	caret / circumflex
_	_	underscore
`	`	grave / accent
a	a
b	b
c	c
d	d
e	e
f	f
g	g
h	h
i	i
j	j
k	k
l	l
m	m
n	n
o	o
p	p
q	q
r	r
s	s
t	t
u	&#117
v	v
w	w
x	x
y	y
z	z
	{	left curly bracket
|	|	vertical bar
>	}	right curly bracket
~	~	tilde

Extra codes

Char	Numeric code	Named code	Description
		non-breaking space
¡	¡	¡	inverted exclamation mark
¢	¢	¢	cent sign
£	£	£	pound sign
¤	¤	¤	currency sign
¥	¥	¥	yen sign
¦	¦	¦	broken bar
§	§	§	section sign
¨	¨	¨	diaeresis
©	©	©	copyright sign
ª	ª	ª	feminine ordinal indicator
«	«	«	left pointing guillemet
¬	¬	¬	not sign
­	­	­	soft hyphen
®	®	®	registered sign
¯	¯	¯	macron
°	°	°	degree sign
±	±	±	plus-minus sign
²	²	²	superscript two
³	³	³	superscript three
´	´	´	acute accent
µ	µ	µ	micro sign
¶	¶	¶	paragraph sign
·	·	·	middle dot
¸	¸	¸	spacing cedilla
¹	¹	¹	superscript one
º	º	º	masculine ordinal indicator
»	»	»	right pointing guillemet
¼	¼	¼	fraction one quarter
½	½	½	fraction one half
¾	¾	¾	fraction three quarters
¿	¿	¿	inverted question mark
À	À	À	capital A with grave
Á	Á	Á	capital A with acute
Â	Â	Â	capital A with circumflex
Ã	Ã	Ã	capital A with tilde
Ä	Ä	Ä	capital A with diaeresis
Å	Å	Å	capital A with ring
Æ	Æ	Æ	capital AE
Ç	Ç	Ç	capital C with cedilla
È	È	È	capital E with grave
É	É	É	capital E with acute
Ê	Ê	Ê	capital E with circumflex
Ë	Ë	Ë	capital E with diaeresis
Ì	Ì	Ì	capital I with grave
Í	Í	Í	capital I with acute
Î	Î	Î	capital I with circumflex
Ï	Ï	Ï	capital I with diaeresis
Ð	Ð	Ð	capital ETH
Ñ	Ñ	Ñ	capital N with tilde
Ò	Ò	Ò	capital O with grave
Ó	Ó	Ó	capital O with acute
Ô	Ô	Ô	capital O with circumflex
Õ	Õ	Õ	capital O with tilde
Ö	Ö	Ö	capital O with diaeresis
×	×	×	multiplication sign
Ø	Ø	Ø	capital O with stroke
Ù	Ù	Ù	capital U with grave
Ú	Ú	Ú	capital U with acute
Û	Û	Û	capital U with circumflex
Ü	Ü	Ü	capital U with diaeresis
Ý	Ý	Ý	capital Y with acute
Þ	Þ	Þ	capital THORN
ß	ß	ß	small sharp s
à	à	à	small a with grave
á	á	á	small a with acute
â	â	&;	small a with circumflex
ã	ã	ã	small a with tilde
ä	ä	ä	small a with diaeresis
å	å	å	small a with ring above
æ	æ	æ	small ae
ç	ç	ç	small c with cedilla
è	è	è	small e with grave
é	é	é	small e with acute
ê	ê	ê	small e with circumflex
ë	ë	ë	small e with diaeresis
ì	ì	ì	small i with grave
í	í	í	small i with acute
î	î	î	small i with circumflex
ï	ï	ï	small i with diaeresis
ð	ð	ð	small eth
ñ	ñ	ñ	small n with tilde
ò	ò	ò	small o with grave
ó	ó	ó	small o with acute
ô	ô	ô	small o with circumflex
õ	õ	õ	small o with tilde
ö	ö	ö	small o with diaeresis
÷	÷	÷	division sign
ø	ø	ø	small o with stroke
ù	ù	ù	small u with grave
ú	ú	ú	small u with acute
û	û	û	small u with circumflex
ü	ü	ü	small u with diaeresis
ý	ý	ý	small y with acute
þ	þ	þ	small thorn
ÿ	ÿ	ÿ	small y with diaeresis

HTML math symbols codes

Char	Numeric code	Named code	Description
&	&	&	ampersand
•	•	•	bullet
◦	◦	white bullet
∙	∙	bullet operator
‣	‣	triangular bullet
⁃	⁃	hyphen bullet
°	°	°	degree
∞	∞	∞	infinity
‰	‰	‰	per-mille
⋅	⋅	⋅	multiplication dot
±	±	±	plus-minus
†	†	†	hermitian
—	—	—
¬	¬	¬
µ	µ	µ
⊥	⊥	⊥
∥	∥	∥

Currency codes

Char	Numeric code	Named code	Description
$	$	dollar
€	€	€	euro
£	£	£	pound
¥	¥	¥	yen / yuan
¢	¢	¢	cent
₹	₹	indian Rupee
₨	₨	rupee
₱	₱	peso
₩	₩	korean won
฿	฿	thai baht
₫	₫	dong
₪	₪	shekel

Intellectual property codes

Char	Numeric code	Named code	Description
©	©	©	copyright
®	®	®	registered trademark
℗	℗	sound recording copyright
™	™	™	trademark
℠	℠	service mark

Greek alphabet codes

Char	Numeric code	Named code	Description
α	α	α	small alpha
β	β	β	small beta
γ	γ	γ	small gamma
δ	δ	δ	small delta
ε	ε	ε	small epsilon
ζ	ζ	ζ	small zeta
η	η	η	small eta
θ	θ	θ	small theta
ι	ι	ι	small iota
κ	κ	κ	small kappa
λ	λ	λ	small lambda
μ	μ	μ	small mu
ν	ν	ν	small nu
ξ	ξ	ξ	small xi
ο	ο	ο	small omicron
π	π	π	small pi
ρ	ρ	ρ	small rho
σ	σ	σ	small sigma
τ	τ	τ	small tau
υ	υ	υ	small upsilon
φ	φ	φ	small phi
χ	χ	χ	small chi
ψ	ψ	ψ	small psi
ω	ω	ω	small omega
Α	Α	Α	capital alpha
Β	Β	Β	capital beta
Γ	Γ	Γ	capital gamma
Δ	Δ	Δ	capital delta
Ε	Ε	Ε	capital epsilon
Ζ	Ζ	Ζ	capital zeta
Η	Η	Η	capital eta
Θ	Θ	Θ	capital theta
Ι	Ι	Ι	capital iota
Κ	Κ	Κ	capital kappa
Λ	Λ	Λ	capital lambda
Μ	Μ	Μ	capital mu
Ν	Ν	Ν	capital nu
Ξ	Ξ	Ξ	capital xi
Ο	Ο	Ο	capital omicron
Π	Π	Π	capital pi
Ρ	Ρ	Ρ	capital rho
Σ	Σ	Σ	capital sigma
Τ	Τ	Τ	capital tau
Υ	Υ	Υ	capital upsilon
Φ	Φ	Φ	capital phi
Χ	Χ	Χ	capital chi
Ψ	Ψ	Ψ	capital psi
Ω	Ω	Ω	capital omega

See also

• URL decoder/encoder
• Unicode characters
• Windows ALT codes
• ASCII table
• Greek alphabet
• HTML color codes
• & HTML code
• Check mark HTML code
• Copyright HTML code
• Euro HTML code
• Heart HTML code
• Quotes HTML code
• Space HTML code
• Trademark HTML code

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HTML Symbols

Symbols that are not present on your keyboard can also be added by using entities.

HTML Symbol Entities

HTML entities were described in the previous chapter.

Many mathematical, technical, and currency symbols, are not present on a normal keyboard.

To add such symbols to an HTML page, you can use the entity name or the entity number (a decimal or a hexadecimal reference) for the symbol.

Example

Display the euro sign, €, with an entity name, a decimal, and a hexadecimal value:

I will display €

I will display €

I will display €

Will display as:

Some Mathematical Symbols Supported by HTML

Char	Number	Entity	Description	Try it
∀	∀	∀	FOR ALL	Try it »
∂	∂	∂	PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL	Try it »
∃	∃	∃	THERE EXISTS	Try it »
∅	∅	∅	EMPTY SETS	Try it »
∇	∇	∇	NABLA	Try it »
∈	∈	∈	ELEMENT OF	Try it »
∉	∉	∉	NOT AN ELEMENT OF	Try it »
∋	∋	∋	CONTAINS AS MEMBER	Try it »
∏	∏	∏	N-ARY PRODUCT	Try it »
∑	∑	∑	N-ARY SUMMATION	Try it »

Some Greek Letters Supported by HTML

Char	Number	Entity	Description	Try it
Α	Α	Α	GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ALPHA	Try it »
Β	Β	Β	GREEK CAPITAL LETTER BETA	Try it »
Γ	Γ	Γ	GREEK CAPITAL LETTER GAMMA	Try it »
Δ	Δ	Δ	GREEK CAPITAL LETTER DELTA	Try it »
Ε	Ε	Ε	GREEK CAPITAL LETTER EPSILON	Try it »
Ζ	Ζ	Ζ	GREEK CAPITAL LETTER ZETA	Try it »

Some Other Entities Supported by HTML

Char	Number	Entity	Description	Try it
©	©	©	COPYRIGHT SIGN	Try it »
®	®	®	REGISTERED SIGN	Try it »
€	€	€	EURO SIGN	Try it »
™	™	™	TRADEMARK	Try it »
←	←	←	LEFTWARDS ARROW	Try it »
↑	↑	↑	UPWARDS ARROW	Try it »
→	→	→	RIGHTWARDS ARROW	Try it »
↓	↓	↓	DOWNWARDS ARROW	Try it »
♠	♠	♠	BLACK SPADE SUIT	Try it »
♣	♣	♣	BLACK CLUB SUIT	Try it »
♥	♥	♥	BLACK HEART SUIT	Try it »
♦	♦	♦	BLACK DIAMOND SUIT	Try it »

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