Datetime import datetime python

Python datetime

Python has a module named datetime to work with dates and times.

It provides a variety of classes for representing and manipulating dates and times, as well as for formatting and parsing dates and times in a variety of formats.

Example 1: Get Current Date and Time

import datetime # get the current date and time now = datetime.datetime.now() print(now)

Here, we have imported the datetime module using the import datetime statement.

One of the classes defined in the datetime module is the datetime class.

We then used the now() method to create a datetime object containing the current local date and time.

Example 2: Get Current Date

import datetime # get current date current_date = datetime.date.today() print(current_date)

In the above example, we have used the today() method defined in the date class to get a date object containing the current local date.

Attributes of datetime Module

We can use the dir() function to get a list containing all attributes of a module.

import datetime print(dir(datetime))

['MAXYEAR', 'MINYEAR', '__builtins__', '__cached__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__loader__', '__name__', '__package__', '__spec__', '_divide_and_round', 'date', 'datetime', 'datetime_CAPI', 'time', 'timedelta', 'timezone', 'tzinfo']

Among all the attributes of datetime module, the most commonly used classes in the datetime module are:

• datetime.datetime — represents a single point in time, including a date and a time.
• datetime.date — represents a date (year, month, and day) without a time.
• datetime.time — represents a time (hour, minute, second, and microsecond) without a date.
• datetime.timedelta — represents a duration, which can be used to perform arithmetic with datetime objects.

Python datetime.date Class

In Python, we can instantiate date objects from the date class. A date object represents a date (year, month and day).

Example 3: Date object to represent a date

import datetime d = datetime.date(2022, 12, 25) print(d)

Here, date() in the above example is a constructor of the date class. The constructor takes three arguments: year , month and day .

Import Only date Class

We can only import the date class from the datetime module. For example,

from datetime import date d = date(2022, 12, 25) print(d)

Here, from datetime import date only imports the date class from the datetime module.

Example 4: Get current date using today()

We can create a date object containing the current date by using the class method named today() . For example,

from datetime import date # today() to get current date todays_date = date.today() print("Today's date example-date-timestamp">Example 5: Get date from a timestamp 
We can also create date objects from a timestamp.
 
A Unix timestamp is the number of seconds between a particular date and January 1, 1970 at UTC. You can convert a timestamp to date using the fromtimestamp() method.
 
from datetime import date timestamp = date.fromtimestamp(1326244364) print("Date print-date">Example 6: Print today's year, month and day 
We can get year, month, day, day of the week etc. from the date object easily. For example,
 
from datetime import date # date object of today's date today = date.today() print("Current year:", today.year) print("Current month:", today.month) print("Current day:", today.day)
 
Current year: 2022 Current month: 12 Current day: 27
 
Python datetime.time Class
 
A time object instantiated from the time class represents the local time.
 
Example 7: Time object to represent time
 
from datetime import time # time(hour = 0, minute = 0, second = 0) a = time() print(a) # time(hour, minute and second) b = time(11, 34, 56) print(b) # time(hour, minute and second) c = time(hour = 11, minute = 34, second = 56) print(c) # time(hour, minute, second, microsecond) d = time(11, 34, 56, 234566) print(d)
 
a = 00:00:00 b = 11:34:56 c = 11:34:56 d = 11:34:56.234566
 
Example 8: Print hour, minute, second and microsecond
 
Once we create the time object, we can easily print its attributes such as hour , minute etc. For example,
 
from datetime import time a = time(11, 34, 56) print("Hour =", a.hour) print("Minute =", a.minute) print("Second =", a.second) print("Microsecond datetime">The datetime.datetime Class 
The datetime module has a class named datetime that can contain information from both date and time objects.
 
Example 9: Python datetime object
 
from datetime import datetime # datetime(year, month, day) a = datetime(2022, 12, 28) print(a) # datetime(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, microsecond) b = datetime(2022, 12, 28, 23, 55, 59, 342380) print(b)
 
2022-12-28 00:00:00 2022-12-28 23:55:59.342380
 
The first three arguments year , month and day in the datetime() constructor are mandatory.
 
Example 10: Print year, month, hour, minute and timestamp
 
from datetime import datetime a = datetime(2022, 12, 28, 23, 55, 59, 342380) print("Year =", a.year) print("Month =", a.month) print("Hour =", a.hour) print("Minute =", a.minute) print("Timestamp timedelta">Python datetime.timedelta Class 
A timedelta object represents the difference between two dates or times. For example,
 
from datetime import datetime, date # using date() t1 = date(year = 2018, month = 7, day = 12) t2 = date(year = 2017, month = 12, day = 23) t3 = t1 - t2 print("t3 =", t3) # using datetime() t4 = datetime(year = 2018, month = 7, day = 12, hour = 7, minute = 9, second = 33) t5 = datetime(year = 2019, month = 6, day = 10, hour = 5, minute = 55, second = 13) t6 = t4 - t5 print("t6 =", t6) print("Type of t3 =", type(t3)) print("Type of t6 example-difference-timedelta">Example 12: Difference between two timedelta objects 
from datetime import timedelta t1 = timedelta(weeks = 2, days = 5, hours = 1, seconds = 33) t2 = timedelta(days = 4, hours = 11, minutes = 4, seconds = 54) t3 = t1 - t2 print("t3 python-exec"> from datetime import timedelta t = timedelta(days = 5, hours = 1, seconds = 33, microseconds = 233423) print("Total seconds format-datetime">Python format datetime 
The way date and time is represented may be different in different places, organizations etc. It's more common to use mm/dd/yyyy in the US, whereas dd/mm/yyyy is more common in the UK.
 
Python has strftime() and strptime() methods to handle this.
 
Python strftime() Method
 
The strftime() method is defined under classes date, datetime and time. The method creates a formatted string from a given date, datetime or time object.
 
Let's see an example.
 
from datetime import datetime # current date and time now = datetime.now() t = now.strftime("%H:%M:%S") print("Time:", t) s1 = now.strftime("%m/%d/%Y, %H:%M:%S") # mm/dd/YY H:M:S format print("s1:", s1) s2 = now.strftime("%d/%m/%Y, %H:%M:%S") # dd/mm/YY H:M:S format print("s2:", s2)
 
time: 04:34:52 s1: 12/26/2018, 04:34:52 s2: 26/12/2018, 04:34:52
 
Here, %Y , %m , %d , %H etc. are format codes. The strftime() method takes one or more format codes and returns a formatted string based on it.
 
In the above example, t , s1 and s2 are strings.
 
 
%Y - year [0001. 2018, 2019. 9999]
 
%m - month [01, 02, . 11, 12]
 
%d - day [01, 02, . 30, 31]
 
%H - hour [00, 01, . 22, 23
 
%M - minute [00, 01, . 58, 59]
 
%S - second [00, 01, . 58, 59]
 
 
To learn more about strftime() and format codes, visit: Python strftime().
 
Python strptime() Method
 
The strptime() method creates a datetime object from a given string (representing date and time). For example,
 
from datetime import datetime date_string = "25 December, 2022" print("date_string =", date_string) # use strptime() to create date object date_object = datetime.strptime(date_string, "%d %B, %Y") print("date_object /python-programming/datetime/strptime">Python strptime() to learn more.
 
Handling timezone in Python
 
Suppose, we are working on a project and need to display date and time based on their timezone.
 
Rather than trying to handle timezone yourself, we suggest to use a third-party pytZ module.
 
from datetime import datetime import pytz local = datetime.now() print("Local:", local.strftime("%m/%d/%Y, %H:%M:%S")) tz_NY = pytz.timezone('America/New_York') datetime_NY = datetime.now(tz_NY) print("NY:", datetime_NY.strftime("%m/%d/%Y, %H:%M:%S")) tz_London = pytz.timezone('Europe/London') datetime_London = datetime.now(tz_London) print("London:", datetime_London.strftime("%m/%d/%Y, %H:%M:%S"))
 
Local: 12/27/2022, 09:40:19 NY: 12/27/2022, 04:40:19 London: 12/27/2022, 09:40:19
 
Here, datetime_NY and datetime_London are datetime objects containing the current date and time of their respective timezone.
 
Table of Contents
 
 
Introduction
 
Example 1: Get Current Date and Time
 
Attributes of datetime Module
 
Python datetime.date Class
 
Example 3: Date object to represent a date
 
Example 5: Get date from a timestamp
 
Example 6: Print today's year, month and day
 
Python datetime.time Class
 
Example 7: Time object to represent time
 
Example 8: Print hour, minute, second and microsecond
 
The datetime.datetime Class
 
Example 9: Python datetime object
 
Example 10: Print year, month, hour, minute and timestamp
 
Python datetime.timedelta Class
 
Example 12: Difference between two timedelta objects
 
Python format datetime
 
Python strftime() Method
 
Python strptime() Method
 
Handling timezone in Python
 
 
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