Content type by extension php

Get MIME Type From File Extension Using PHP

This tutorial will show you how you can get MIME type of a file using PHP program. Most of the times you may need to validate or check MIME type of a file when you upload a file for various reasons, such as, for KYC (Know Your Customer) purpose.

In this tutorial I have defined an array which holds almost all kinds of MIME type of files. So whenever you require to get the MIME type of a particular file then you can easily retrieve the MIME type of that file from this array.

Prerequisites

PHP 5.4/7.4.22/8.2.7
Apace http Server 2.4 (Optional)

Project Directory

It’s assumed that you have setup PHP in your system.

Now I will create a project root directory called php-file-mime anywhere in your system. I may not mention the project root directory in subsequent sections and I will assume that I am talking with respect to the project’s root directory.

Get MIME Type Of File

The following code checks the mime type for a given file name and returns the MIME type of the file. The following code is written into a file php-file-mime.php.

function mime_type($filename) < $mime_types = array( . 'smi' =>'application/smil', 'smil' => 'application/smil', 'mif' => 'application/vnd.mif', 'wbxml' => 'application/wbxml', 'wmlc' => 'application/wmlc', 'dcr' => 'application/x-director', 'dir' => 'application/x-director', 'dxr' => 'application/x-director', 'dvi' => 'application/x-dvi', 'gtar' => 'application/x-gtar', 'gz' => 'application/x-gzip', . ); $ext = explode('.', $filename); $ext = strtolower(end($ext)); if (array_key_exists($ext, $mime_types)) < return (is_array($mime_types[$ext])) ? $mime_types[$ext][0] : $mime_types[$ext]; >else if (function_exists('finfo_open')) < if(file_exists($filename)) < $finfo = finfo_open(FILEINFO_MIME); $mimetype = finfo_file($finfo, $filename); finfo_close($finfo); return $mimetype; >> return 'application/octet-stream'; >

If multiple MIME types found for a particular file then the first MIME type is returned. If no MIME found for a particular file then default MIME type application/octet-stream is returned.

Usage

Here are some examples how to use the above function to get MIME type of a file:

$mime_type = mime_type('a.php'); echo $mime_type . "\n"; $mime_type = mime_type('final.doc'); echo $mime_type . "\n"; $mime_type = mime_type('inception.pdf'); echo $mime_type . "\n"; $mime_type = mime_type('meeting.jpg'); echo $mime_type . "\n"; $mime_type = mime_type('filename.xxx'); echo $mime_type . "\n"; $mime_type = mime_type('a.csv'); echo $mime_type . "\n"; $mime_type = mime_type('a.xl'); echo $mime_type . "\n";

The above code snippets will output as given in the below:

application/x-httpd-php application/msword application/pdf image/jpeg application/octet-stream text/x-comma-separated-values application/excel 

Источник

mime_content_type

Возвращает MIME-тип содержимого файла, используя для определения информацию из файла magic.mime .

Список параметров

Путь к проверяемому файлу.

Возвращаемые значения

Возвращает тип содержимого в формате MIME, например text/plain или application/octet-stream или false в случае возникновения ошибки.

Ошибки

В случае неудачного завершения работы генерируется ошибка уровня E_WARNING .

Примеры

Пример #1 Пример mime_content_type()

Результат выполнения данного примера:

Смотрите также

User Contributed Notes 21 notes

Fast generation of uptodate mime types:

echo
generateUpToDateMimeArray ( APACHE_MIME_TYPES_URL );
?>

Output:
$mime_types = array(
‘123’ => ‘application/vnd.lotus-1-2-3’,
‘3dml’ => ‘text/vnd.in3d.3dml’,
‘3g2’ => ‘video/3gpp2’,
‘3gp’ => ‘video/3gpp’,
‘7z’ => ‘application/x-7z-compressed’,
‘aab’ => ‘application/x-authorware-bin’,
‘aac’ => ‘audio/x-aac’,
‘aam’ => ‘application/x-authorware-map’,
‘aas’ => ‘application/x-authorware-seg’,
.

There is a composer package that will do this:
https://github.com/ralouphie/mimey

$mimes = new \ Mimey \ MimeTypes ;

// Convert extension to MIME type:
$mimes -> getMimeType ( ‘json’ ); // application/json

// Convert MIME type to extension:
$mimes -> getExtension ( ‘application/json’ ); // json

and string detection on text files may fail if you check a file encoded with signed UTF-8. The UTF-8 signature is a two bytes code (0xFF 0xFE) that prepends the file in order to force UTF-8 recognition (you may check it on an hexadecimal editor).

For me mime_content_type didn’t work in Linux before I added

to php.ini (remember to find the correct path to mime.magic)

using
function detectFileMimeType ( $filename = » )
$filename = escapeshellcmd ( $filename );
$command = «file -b —mime-type -m /usr/share/misc/magic < $filename >» ;

$mimeType = shell_exec ( $command );

return trim ( $mimeType );
>
?>
should work on most shared linux hosts without errors. It should also work on Windows hosts with msysgit installed.

Lukas V is IMO missing some point. The MIME type of a file may not be corresponding to the file suffix.

Imagine someone would obfuscate some PHP code in a .gif file, the file suffix would be ‘GIF’ but the MIME would be text/plain or even text/html.

Another example is files fetched via a distant server (wget / fopen / file / fsockopen. ). The server can issue an error, i.e. 404 Not Found, wich again is text/html, whatever you save the file to (download_archive.rar).

His provided function should begin by the test of the function existancy like :

function MIMEalternative($file)
if(function_exists(‘mime_content_type’))
return mime_content_type($file);
else
return ($file);
>

I see a lot of comments suggesting doing file extension sniffing (i.e. assuming .jpg files are JPEG images) when proper file-type sniffing functions are unavailable.
I want to point out that there is a much more accurate way.
If neither mime_content_type() nor Fileinfo is available to you and you are running *any* UNIX variant since the 70s, including Mac OS, OS X, Linux, etc. (and most web hosting is), just make a system call to ‘file(1)’.
Doing something like this:
echo system ( «file -bi »» );
?>
will output something like «text/html; charset=us-ascii». Some systems won’t add the charset bit, but strip it off just in case.
The ‘-bi’ bit is important. However, you can use a command like this:
echo system ( «file -b »» ); // without the ‘i’ after ‘-b’
?>
to output a human-readable string, like «HTML document text», which can sometimes be useful.
The only drawback is that your scripts will not work on Windows, but is this such a problem? Just about all web hosts use a UNIX.
It is a far better way than just examining the file extension.

Here’s a simple function to return MIME types, based on the Apache mime.types file. [The one in my previous submission, which has since been replaced by this one] only works properly if mime.types is formatted as Windows text. The updated version below corrects this problem. Thanks to Mike for pointing this out.

function get_mime_type ( $filename , $mimePath = ‘../etc’ ) <
$fileext = substr ( strrchr ( $filename , ‘.’ ), 1 );
if (empty( $fileext )) return ( false );
$regex = «/^([\w\+\-\.\/]+)\s+(\w+\s)*( $fileext \s)/i» ;
$lines = file ( » $mimePath /mime.types» );
foreach( $lines as $line ) <
if ( substr ( $line , 0 , 1 ) == ‘#’ ) continue; // skip comments
$line = rtrim ( $line ) . » » ;
if (! preg_match ( $regex , $line , $matches )) continue; // no match to the extension
return ( $matches [ 1 ]);
>
return ( false ); // no match at all
>
?>

Notes:
[1] Requires mime.types file distributed with Apache (normally found at ServerRoot/conf/mime.types). If you are using shared hosting, download the file with the Apache distro and then upload it to a directory on your web server that php has access to.

[2] First param is the filename (required). Second parameter is path to mime.types file (optional; defaults to home/etc/). [3] Based on MIME types registered with IANA (http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/index.html). Recognizes 630 extensions associated with 498 MIME types. [4] Asserts MIME type based on filename extension. Does not examine the actual file; the file does not even have to exist. [5] Examples of use:
>> echo get_mime_type(‘myFile.xml’);
>> application/xml
>> echo get_mime_type(‘myPath/myFile.js’);
>> application/javascript
>> echo get_mime_type(‘myPresentation.ppt’);
>> application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
>> echo get_mime_type(‘http://mySite.com/myPage.php);
>> application/x-httpd-php
>> echo get_mime_type(‘myPicture.jpg’);
>> image/jpeg
>> echo get_mime_type(‘myMusic.mp3’);
>> audio/mpeg
and so on.

To create an associative array containing MIME types, use:
function get_mime_array ( $mimePath = ‘../etc’ )
<
$regex = «/([\w\+\-\.\/]+)\t+([\w\s]+)/i» ;
$lines = file ( » $mimePath /mime.types» , FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES );
foreach( $lines as $line ) <
if ( substr ( $line , 0 , 1 ) == ‘#’ ) continue; // skip comments
if (! preg_match ( $regex , $line , $matches )) continue; // skip mime types w/o any extensions
$mime = $matches [ 1 ];
$extensions = explode ( » » , $matches [ 2 ]);
foreach( $extensions as $ext ) $mimeArray [ trim ( $ext )] = $mime ;
>
return ( $mimeArray );
>
?>

Источник

Get Mime-Type by file extension in PHP

Recently I build a PHP script for dynamically downloading files, and I came across the need to provide the right Mime-Type for each file I set to download. I wrote a function in PHP that gets file extension (with or without the dot prefix) and returns the correct Mime-Type.

This function also returns the general purpose mime-type for missing or unknown file types.

General purpose MIME-TYPE

Use: application / octet — stream

case ‘.arc’ : $mime = ‘application/octet-stream’ ; break ; // Archive document (multiple files embedded)

case ‘.docx’ : $mime = ‘application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document’ ; break ; // Microsoft Word (OpenXML)

case ‘.js’ : $mime = ‘application/javascript’ ; break ; // JavaScript (IANA Specification) (RFC 4329 Section 8.2)

case ‘.mid’ : $mime = ‘audio/midi audio/x-midi’ ; break ; // Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI)

case ‘.midi’ : $mime = ‘audio/midi audio/x-midi’ ; break ; // Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI)

case ‘.odp’ : $mime = ‘application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation’ ; break ; // OpenDocument presentation document

case ‘.ods’ : $mime = ‘application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet’ ; break ; // OpenDocument spreadsheet document

case ‘.odt’ : $mime = ‘application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text’ ; break ; // OpenDocument text document

case ‘.pptx’ : $mime = ‘application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation’ ; break ; // Microsoft PowerPoint (OpenXML)

case ‘.swf’ : $mime = ‘application/x-shockwave-flash’ ; break ; // Small web format (SWF) or Adobe Flash document

case ‘.xlsx’ : $mime = ‘application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet’ ; break ; // Microsoft Excel (OpenXML)

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