Birthday Reminders for August

mail

Each line should be separated with a CRLF (\r\n). Lines should not be larger than 70 characters.

(Windows only) When PHP is talking to a SMTP server directly, if a full stop is found on the start of a line, it is removed. To counter-act this, replace these occurrences with a double dot.

String or array to be inserted at the end of the email header.

This is typically used to add extra headers (From, Cc, and Bcc). Multiple extra headers should be separated with a CRLF (\r\n). If outside data are used to compose this header, the data should be sanitized so that no unwanted headers could be injected.

If an array is passed, its keys are the header names and its values are the respective header values.

Note:

Before PHP 5.4.42 and 5.5.27, repectively, additional_headers did not have mail header injection protection. Therefore, users must make sure specified headers are safe and contains headers only. i.e. Never start mail body by putting multiple newlines.

Note:

When sending mail, the mail must contain a From header. This can be set with the additional_headers parameter, or a default can be set in php.ini .

Failing to do this will result in an error message similar to Warning: mail(): «sendmail_from» not set in php.ini or custom «From:» header missing . The From header sets also Return-Path when sending directly via SMTP (Windows only).

Note:

If messages are not received, try using a LF (\n) only. Some Unix mail transfer agents (most notably » qmail) replace LF by CRLF automatically (which leads to doubling CR if CRLF is used). This should be a last resort, as it does not comply with » RFC 2822.

The additional_params parameter can be used to pass additional flags as command line options to the program configured to be used when sending mail, as defined by the sendmail_path configuration setting. For example, this can be used to set the envelope sender address when using sendmail with the -f sendmail option.

This parameter is escaped by escapeshellcmd() internally to prevent command execution. escapeshellcmd() prevents command execution, but allows to add additional parameters. For security reasons, it is recommended for the user to sanitize this parameter to avoid adding unwanted parameters to the shell command.

Since escapeshellcmd() is applied automatically, some characters that are allowed as email addresses by internet RFCs cannot be used. mail() can not allow such characters, so in programs where the use of such characters is required, alternative means of sending emails (such as using a framework or a library) is recommended.

The user that the webserver runs as should be added as a trusted user to the sendmail configuration to prevent a ‘X-Warning’ header from being added to the message when the envelope sender (-f) is set using this method. For sendmail users, this file is /etc/mail/trusted-users .

Return Values

Returns true if the mail was successfully accepted for delivery, false otherwise.

It is important to note that just because the mail was accepted for delivery, it does NOT mean the mail will actually reach the intended destination.

Changelog

Version	Description
7.2.0	The additional_headers parameter now also accepts an array .

Examples

Example #1 Sending mail.

Using mail() to send a simple email:

// The message
$message = «Line 1\r\nLine 2\r\nLine 3» ;

// In case any of our lines are larger than 70 characters, we should use wordwrap()
$message = wordwrap ( $message , 70 , «\r\n» );

// Send
mail ( ‘caffeinated@example.com’ , ‘My Subject’ , $message );
?>

Example #2 Sending mail with extra headers.

The addition of basic headers, telling the MUA the From and Reply-To addresses:

$to = ‘nobody@example.com’ ;
$subject = ‘the subject’ ;
$message = ‘hello’ ;
$headers = ‘From: webmaster@example.com’ . «\r\n» .
‘Reply-To: webmaster@example.com’ . «\r\n» .
‘X-Mailer: PHP/’ . phpversion ();

mail ( $to , $subject , $message , $headers );
?>

Example #3 Sending mail with extra headers as array

This example sends the same mail as the example immediately above, but passes the additional headers as array (available as of PHP 7.2.0).

$to = ‘nobody@example.com’ ;
$subject = ‘the subject’ ;
$message = ‘hello’ ;
$headers = array(
‘From’ => ‘webmaster@example.com’ ,
‘Reply-To’ => ‘webmaster@example.com’ ,
‘X-Mailer’ => ‘PHP/’ . phpversion ()
);

mail ( $to , $subject , $message , $headers );
?>

Example #4 Sending mail with an additional command line parameter.

The additional_params parameter can be used to pass an additional parameter to the program configured to use when sending mail using the sendmail_path .

Example #5 Sending HTML email

It is also possible to send HTML email with mail() .

// Multiple recipients
$to = ‘johny@example.com, sally@example.com’ ; // note the comma

// Subject
$subject = ‘Birthday Reminders for August’ ;

// Message
$message = ‘

Here are the birthdays upcoming in August!

Person	Day	Month	Year
Johny	10th	August	1970
Sally	17th	August	1973

‘ ;

// To send HTML mail, the Content-type header must be set
$headers [] = ‘MIME-Version: 1.0’ ;
$headers [] = ‘Content-type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1’ ;

// Additional headers
$headers [] = ‘To: Mary , Kelly ‘ ;
$headers [] = ‘From: Birthday Reminder ‘ ;
$headers [] = ‘Cc: birthdayarchive@example.com’ ;
$headers [] = ‘Bcc: birthdaycheck@example.com’ ;

// Mail it
mail ( $to , $subject , $message , implode ( «\r\n» , $headers ));
?>

Note:

If intending to send HTML or otherwise Complex mails, it is recommended to use the PEAR package » PEAR::Mail_Mime.

Notes

Note:

The SMTP implementation (Windows only) of mail() differs in many ways from the sendmail implementation. First, it doesn’t use a local binary for composing messages but only operates on direct sockets which means a MTA is needed listening on a network socket (which can either on the localhost or a remote machine).

Second, the custom headers like From: , Cc: , Bcc: and Date: are not interpreted by the MTA in the first place, but are parsed by PHP.

As such, the to parameter should not be an address in the form of «Something «. The mail command may not parse this properly while talking with the MTA.

Note:

It is worth noting that the mail() function is not suitable for larger volumes of email in a loop. This function opens and closes an SMTP socket for each email, which is not very efficient.

For the sending of large amounts of email, see the » PEAR::Mail, and » PEAR::Mail_Queue packages.

See Also

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Send Email in PHP Using PHPMailer

There are various ways to send email using PHP. First option is by using simple PHP Mail Function but this function does not provide more functionality such as CC, BCC, or attachment etc that we are needed now a days, solution of our problem is PHPMailer, it is the most popular PHP library used to send emails. It was initially released in 2001 after that it become a favorite choice of PHP developers to send email through it.

Steps to Send E-mail Using PHPMailer

1. Create email address and password from Cpanel
2. Create PHP file to send email with name index.php

1. Create email address and password from Cpanel

To create email address and password from CPanel, login to your web host cpanel.

After logged in, go to Email >> Email Accounts

In Add Email Account, create a new email with any username that you wish, here I created with username noreply and entered your desired password twice and click on Create Account button.

Now your email is created successfully, we will use this email address and its password in below PHP script to send email.

We will also need to know our host which will be required in PHPMailer, for this purpose after creating email, scroll down you will see your newly created email address below on the same page. Click on Set Up Mail Client to view your host address and other details. However mostly host uses mail.domain.com while some uses localhost or 127.0.0.1 . I will also use mail.domain.com in my host setting below.

2. Create PHP file to send email with name index.php

Below is the script in PHP which will be sending email using PHPMailer library. Click here to download PHPMailer library to include in your file. Make sure to upload this library in your web host.

PHP

Congratulations!
'; $body .='
You have successfully received an email from AllPHPTricks.com.
'; // Enter Your Email Address Here To Receive Email $email_to /cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" data-cfemail="b4cddbc1c6ebd1d9d5ddd8f4d0dbd9d5ddda9ad7dbd9">[email protected]"; $email_from /cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" data-cfemail="6e00011c0b1e02172e0a01030f0700400d0103">[email protected]"; // Enter Sender Email $sender_name = "AllPHPTricks"; // Enter Sender Name require("PHPMailer/PHPMailerAutoload.php"); $mail = new PHPMailer(); $mail->IsSMTP(); $mail->Host = "mail.yourdomain.com"; // Enter Your Host/Mail Server $mail->SMTPAuth = true; $mail->Username /cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" data-cfemail="513f3e2334213d2811353e3c30383f7f323e3c">[email protected]"; // Enter Sender Email $mail->Password = "your_strong_password"; //If SMTP requires TLS encryption then remove comment from below //$mail->SMTPSecure = "tls"; $mail->Port = 25; $mail->IsHTML(true); $mail->From = $email_from; $mail->FromName = $sender_name; $mail->Sender = $email_from; // indicates ReturnPath header $mail->AddReplyTo($email_from, "No Reply"); // indicates ReplyTo headers $mail->Subject = $subject; $mail->Body = $body; $mail->AddAddress($email_to); // If you know receiver name use following //$mail->AddAddress($email_to, "Recepient Name"); // To send CC remove comment from below //$mail->AddCC('[email protected]', "Recepient Name"); // To send attachment remove comment from below //$mail->AddAttachment('files/readme.txt'); /* Please note file must be available on your host to be attached with this email. */ if (!$mail->Send())< echo "Mailer Error: " . $mail->ErrorInfo; >else < echo "
An email has been sent to your email address.
"; > ?>

In the above script, I have explained each step through comments with almost each line. However, I will also explain some important point here.

In $mail->Host you have to replaced mail.yourdomain.com with your website mail host.

If mail.yourdomain.com is not working in your case, you can use localhost or 127.0.0.1 You can find more information about it from your Set Up Mail Client setting.

$mail->Username and $mail->Password will be those email and password which we created in step 1.

In $mail->From and $mail->Sender must be your domain name email address therefore I am using $email_from in both places which have domain name email which we created in step 1.

If you know that recipient name then you can use it $mail->AddAddress($email_to, “Recepient Name”); otherwise we can use it $mail->AddAddress($email_to);

If you want to send email in CC or BCC you can use the following:

If you want to send an attachment, first you must have that file on your web host, you will need to provide its URL in here $mail->AddAttachment(‘files/readme.txt’); You can see that files/ is directory on host where readme.txt file is already uploaded which will be attached in email before sending.

Using $mail->Send(); is compulsory, otherwise email will not be sent. If you do not want to check if email sent or not, then you can simply write $mail->Send(); this will send your email. However, I am checking if email is not send then show error otherwise it will show success message.

Once you done the above steps, then open the file index.php on web browser it will send email and also print a message of success .

Now you can check your email to verify if you have received email or not.

If you have any query regarding this tutorial, you can leave you comment. I will try to give possible answer to solve your issue.

If you found this tutorial helpful, kindly share it with your friends and developer groups.

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Javed Ur Rehman is a passionate blogger and web developer, he loves to share web development tutorials and blogging tips. He usually writes about HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Jquery, Ajax, PHP and MySQL.

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