background

background

The background shorthand CSS property sets all background style properties at once, such as color, image, origin and size, or repeat method. Component properties not set in the background shorthand property value declaration are set to their default values.

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Constituent properties

This property is a shorthand for the following CSS properties:

Syntax

/* Using a */ background: green; /* Using a and */ background: url("test.jpg") repeat-y; /* Using a and */ background: border-box red; /* A single image, centered and scaled */ background: no-repeat center/80% url("../img/image.png"); /* Global values */ background: inherit; background: initial; background: revert; background: revert-layer; background: unset; 

The background property is specified as one or more background layers, separated by commas.

The syntax of each layer is as follows:

• Each layer may include zero or one occurrences of any of the following values:
  • The value may only be included immediately after , separated with the ‘/’ character, like this: » center/80% «.
  • The value may be included zero, one, or two times. If included once, it sets both background-origin and background-clip . If it is included twice, the first occurrence sets background-origin , and the second sets background-clip .
  • The value may only be included in the last layer specified.

  Values

  See background-clip and background-origin . Default: border-box and padding-box respectively.

  See background-color . Default: transparent .

  The following three lines of CSS are equivalent:

  background: none; background: transparent; background: repeat scroll 0% 0% / auto padding-box border-box none transparent; 

  Accessibility concerns

  Browsers do not provide any special information on background images to assistive technology. This is important primarily for screen readers, as a screen reader will not announce its presence and therefore convey nothing to its users. If the image contains information critical to understanding the page’s overall purpose, it is better to describe it semantically in the document.

  Formal definition

  • background-image : none
  • background-position : 0% 0%
  • background-size : auto auto
  • background-repeat : repeat
  • background-origin : padding-box
  • background-clip : border-box
  • background-attachment : scroll
  • background-color : transparent
  • background-position : refer to the size of the background positioning area minus size of background image; size refers to the width for horizontal offsets and to the height for vertical offsets
  • background-size : relative to the background positioning area
  • background-image : as specified, but with url() values made absolute
  • background-position : as each of the properties of the shorthand:
    • background-position-x : A list, each item consisting of: an offset given as a combination of an absolute length and a percentage, plus an origin keyword
    • background-position-y : A list, each item consisting of: an offset given as a combination of an absolute length and a percentage, plus an origin keyword
    • background-color : a color
    • background-image : discrete
    • background-clip : a repeatable list of
    • background-position : a repeatable list of
    • background-size : a repeatable list of
    • background-repeat : discrete
    • background-attachment : discrete

    Formal syntax

    background =
    [ # , ]?

    =
    ||
    [ / ]? ||
    ||
    ||
    ||
    

    =
    ||
    ||
    [ / ]? ||
    ||
    ||
    ||
    

    =
    |
    none

    =
    [ left | center | right | top | bottom | ] |
    [ left | center | right | ] [ top | center | bottom | ] |
    [ center | [ left | right ] ? ] && [ center | [ top | bottom ] ? ]

    =
    [ | auto ] |
    cover |
    contain

    =
    repeat-x |
    repeat-y |
    [ repeat | space | round | no-repeat ]

    =
    scroll |
    fixed |
    local

    =
    border-box |
    padding-box |
    content-box

    =
    |

    =
    |

    =
    url( * ) |
    src( * )

    Examples

    Setting backgrounds with color keywords and images

    HTML

    p class="topbanner"> Starry skybr /> Twinkle twinklebr /> Starry sky p> p class="warning">Here is a paragraphp> p>p> 

    CSS

    .warning  background: pink; > .topbanner  background: url("starsolid.gif") #99f repeat-y fixed; > 

    Result

    Specifications

    Browser compatibility

    BCD tables only load in the browser

    See also

    Found a content problem with this page?

    This page was last modified on Jul 18, 2023 by MDN contributors.

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    Источник

    CSS Backgrounds

    The CSS background properties are used to add background effects for elements.

    In these chapters, you will learn about the following CSS background properties:

    • background-color
    • background-image
    • background-repeat
    • background-attachment
    • background-position
    • background (shorthand property)

    CSS background-color

    The background-color property specifies the background color of an element.

    Example

    The background color of a page is set like this:

    With CSS, a color is most often specified by:

    • a valid color name — like «red»
    • a HEX value — like «#ff0000»
    • an RGB value — like «rgb(255,0,0)»

    Look at CSS Color Values for a complete list of possible color values.

    Other Elements

    You can set the background color for any HTML elements:

    Example

    Here, the ,

    , and elements will have different background colors:

    div background-color: lightblue;
    >

    Opacity / Transparency

    The opacity property specifies the opacity/transparency of an element. It can take a value from 0.0 — 1.0. The lower value, the more transparent:

    Example

    Note: When using the opacity property to add transparency to the background of an element, all of its child elements inherit the same transparency. This can make the text inside a fully transparent element hard to read.

    Transparency using RGBA

    If you do not want to apply opacity to child elements, like in our example above, use RGBA color values. The following example sets the opacity for the background color and not the text:

    You learned from our CSS Colors Chapter, that you can use RGB as a color value. In addition to RGB, you can use an RGB color value with an alpha channel (RGBA) — which specifies the opacity for a color.

    An RGBA color value is specified with: rgba(red, green, blue, alpha). The alpha parameter is a number between 0.0 (fully transparent) and 1.0 (fully opaque).

    Tip: You will learn more about RGBA Colors in our CSS Colors Chapter.

    Example

    The CSS Background Color Property

    Источник

    background

    Универсальное свойство background позволяет установить одновременно до пяти характеристик фона. Значения могут идти в любом порядке, браузер сам определит, какое из них соответствует нужному свойству. Для подробного ознакомления смотрите информацию о каждом свойстве отдельно. В CSS3 допустимо указывать параметры сразу нескольких фонов, перечисляя их через запятую.

    Синтаксис

    background: [background-attachment || background-color || background-image || background-position || background-repeat] | inherit

    = [background-attachment || background-image || background-position || background-repeat] | inherit

    = [background-attachment || background-color || background-image || background-position || background-repeat] | inherit

    Если наряду с фоновыми изображениями требуется задать цвет фона элемента, он указывается в последнюю очередь после перечисления.

    Значения

    Любые комбинации пяти значений, разделяемых между собой пробелом, определяющих стиль фона, в произвольном порядке. Ни одно значение не является обязательным, поэтому неиспользуемые можно опустить. inherit наследует значение у родительского элемента.

    XHTML 1.0 CSS2.1 IE Cr Op Sa Fx

            
    Duis te feugifacilisi. Duis autem dolor in hendrerit in vulputate velit esse molestie consequat, vel illum dolore eu feugiat nulla facilisis at vero eros et accumsan et iusto odio dignissim qui blandit praesent luptatum zzril delenit au gue duis dolore te feugat nulla facilisi. Ut wisi enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exerci taion ullamcorper suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex en commodo consequat. Duis te feugifacilisi per suscipit lobortis nisl ut aliquip ex en commodo consequat.
      

    Результат данного примера показан ниже (рис. 1).

    

    Рис. 1. Вид фона и фонового рисунка в блоке фиксированного размера

    HTML5 CSS3 IE Cr Op Sa Fx

    Объектная модель

    [window.]document.getElementById(» elementID «).style.background

    Браузеры

    Internet Explorer до версии 7.0 включительно не поддерживает значение inherit .

    Источник

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